Most of us can afford to pay for the treatment of minor medical problems ourselves, but are scared of the huge medical bills that come with serious diseases. Did you know there are policies that are tailor-made for such situations?
Such policies (called top-up policies) are much cheaper than normal policies. You pay the first one or two lakhs yourself (called the threshold limit or deductible) and if the hospital bill exceeds that, then the insurance company pays the excess. Of course, depending on your capacity to pay, you can buy policies with the base amount or deductible varying from Rs 30,000 to Rs 5 lakh.
Here's an example of how much cheaper this can be. A normal health policy offering a Rs 10 lakh cover can cost about Rs 7,500 to Rs 12,000. A top-up policy of Rs 10 lakh with a base amount of Rs 3 lakh can cost as little as Rs 2,500.
The threat is for real for a middle income household, which can tolerate medical expenses only up to a limit. What if a terminal illness starts eating into your retirement savings, or maybe funds meant for children's education or marriage? Other financial goals will have a small chance then.
Unlike normal hospitalisation policies, top-up plans come with a deductible or threshold limit. This threshold limit needs to be specified at time of purchase. This is the amount up to which you or your existing policy can pay the medical bills. A top-up health insurance plan covers hospitalisation costs beyond the specified limit.
You may take comfort by believing that being in the organised sector your medical needs will be taken care of by the employers but have you ever wondered what will be the scenario if the coverage offered is not able to meet all your medical costs? Your present cover may be sufficient to pay for small illnesses, but there is always a chance it would fall short in case of a bigger medical emergency. And not to forget that the employer's health cover ceases to exist once you leave or retire.
It's true that a bigger health cover, no matter how necessary, may not fit into everybody's scheme of things. This is where 'top-up' plans come in. They not only cost less but provide high coverage too.
How top-up plans work?
Top-up plans work on a cost-sharing basis where medical expenses up to the deductible limit have to be borne by the policyholder. The insurance company takes charge of medical cost only if the expenses cross the deductible limit. The top-up plan will pay for expenses incurred above that limit.
Top-up plans can offer sum insured ranging between Rs 50,000 and Rs 15 lakh, with their deductible falling between Rs 30,000 and Rs 5 lakh respectively (a value derived after considering all policies available in India). This sum insured will offer protection in addition to the deductible amount which is being borne by another policy or any other source.
Types of Top-up plans
Top-up plans can be differentiated into two categories.
First, those where the deductible limit is calculated on each hospitalisation. For instance, if a person has a base cover of Rs 3 lakh and a top-up cover of Rs 5 lakh, he would set Rs 3 lakh as the deductible limit as that can be paid from the basic health insurance policy. If he gets hospitalised with a bill of Rs 6 lakh, initial expenses up to Rs 3 lakh will be paid by basic policy and remaining Rs 3 lakh will be covered by top-up policy. A top-up policy does not cover expenses up to threshold limit. In case, he did not have a base policy, he would have to bear the Rs 3 lakh bill and top-up policy will cover amount beyond that.
The second category of top-up plans include 'Super top-up policies' where, threshold limit applies to total expenses incurred during the policy period. For instance, if a policyholder with threshold limit of Rs 3 lakh and a top-up cover of Rs 5 lakh is hospitalised twice, with bills amounting to Rs 2 lakh for the first time and Rs 2.5 lakh for the second, the super top-up policy will get triggered during second hospitalisation as the total expenses (Rs 4.5 lakh) cross the threshold (Rs 3 lakh).
The policy will indemnify the claim with R1.5 lakh, which is the amount exceeding deductible. Expenses up to deductible limit will be settled with an existing policy or by the policyholder. United India Super Top Up Medicare policy calculates deductible by adding all expenses incurred in a policy year.
How to choose a Top-up plan?
Higher the deductible, lower would be the corresponding premiums. However, you cannot choose a random figure as deductible limit. This amount should not be more than what you (or your basic health policy) can comfortably pay in case of an emergency.
A simple top-up plan has a drawback too. If the policyholder is hospitalized twice in a policy year, with bills of Rs 2 lakh for the first time and Rs 2.5 lakh second time, the top-up policy will not get triggered. It would pay only if the bill is higher than the deductible limit in a single hospitalization. Apollo Munich Optima Plus, Bajaj Allianz Extra Care, ICICI Lombard Healthcare Plus, Chola MS Top Up Healthline and Bharti AXA Smart Health High Deductible and United India Top Up Medicare are some of the top-up plans where deductible limit refreshes for each hospitalisation.
Super top-up plans are more useful, because it is possible that a single hospitalisation does not inflate bills, but expenses rise anyway because of increased hospital visits. These plans are more expensive as compared to top-up plans, for eg. United India's Super Top Up Medicare plan costs Rs 3,700 annually for Rs 10 lakh sum insured with Rs 5 lakh deductible for an individual upto 45 years of age. Whereas United India's Top Up policy is priced at Rs 2,900 for same sum insured, deductible and age.
Though the premiums for super top-up policies are higher than top-up policies, the benefit of adding annual expenses (while calculating deductible) outweighs the costs.
Top-up plans intend to act as supplementary policies providing dual benefits of low cost and higher sum insured. These are a boon for those about to enter the senior citizen category, when the probability of falling ill is high and medical expenses are bound to increase. Those who are covered under employer's health insurance policy can also buy a top-up plan for higher protection. A top-up policy is suitable for anyone looking to buy a higher health cover.
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